Ubuhlungu benyoka uketshezi olukhishwa izinyoka ezinobuthi ezindlaleni zazo ezinobuthi.Ingxenye eyinhloko iphrotheni enobuthi, ebalelwa cishe ku-90% kuya ku-95% wesisindo esomile.Kukhona cishe izinhlobo ezingamashumi amabili zama-enzyme nobuthi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqukethe ama-peptide amancane, ama-amino acid, ama-carbohydrate, ama-lipids, ama-nucleosides, ama-amine emvelo nama-ion ensimbi.Ukwakheka kobuhlungu benyoka kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi ubuthi, i-pharmacology kanye nemiphumela ye-toxicological yobuthi benyoka ehlukene inezici zabo.
Isithombe: Ukuthatha ubuthi benyoka
Ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele ubuthi bokwenziwa obuyinkimbinkimbi bemvelo kuhlale kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa imithi emisha emhlabeni jikelele wezokwelapha.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe imithi emisha esebenzayo nethengekayo yesifo sikashukela noma ukukhuluphala, i-European Union's Seventh Framework Program for Research and Development (FP7) inikeza uxhaso lwezigidi ezingu-6 zama-eur, kanye nesamba sokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kwezigidi ezingu-EUR 9.4, sixhaswe amazwe amahlanu angamalungu e-EU. I-France (ukuxhumana okujwayelekile), iSpain, iPortugal, iBelgium neDenmark, Futhi abacwaningi bezinhlaka ezihlukene ze-biochemistry kanye nemboni yezemithi ehlangene bakha ithimba labacwaningi be-European VENOMICS.Kusukela ngoNovemba 2011, ithimba belibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemithi emisha enobuthi obunobuthi, futhi lenze inqubekelaphambili enhle.
Ithimba labacwaningi liqale lenza ngempumelelo futhi lahlola izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zezinyoka ezinobuthi emhlabeni wonke ukuze zizalwe ngokungemthetho.Sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha obusanda kwakhiwa obunembayo obuphezulu be-spectrometer nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, sifunde futhi sahlaziya izakhiwo zamangqamuzana angama-203 amasampula obuhlungu benyoka kanye nezinhlanganisela zebhayoloji eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi sahlukanisa ngempumelelo “ama-microprotein” angaphezu kuka-4,000.Ngokusho kobuthi obuphezulu, busetshenziselwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi emisha ehlukahlukene.
Njengamanje, iningi locwaningo kanye nemisebenzi emisha yeqembu iqondiswe ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa ezihlosiwe ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala, isifo senhliziyo, ukungezwani komzimba womuntu kanye nomdlavuza, lapho imininingwane eqoqwe ocwaningweni oluhlukahlukene ifakazele ukuthi ubuthi obunobuthi busebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni nomdlavuza. ukucindezelwa kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela noma ukukhuluphala.Imithi emisha ngokuvamile ithatha iminyaka engu-2-3 ukuthola, ngekhwalithi nangobuningi, kanye neminye iminyaka eyi-10 noma engu-15 yokuhlolwa komtholampilo, ukuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo nokuthuthukiswa kohwebo ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele emakethe.
"Umbiko Wokuhlaziywa Kwemakethe Yomkhiqizo Wase-China Ka-2018 - Isimo Sokusebenza Kwemboni kanye Nocwaningo Lwentuthuko Yentuthuko" ekhishwe yi-Guanyantianxia iqinile kokuqukethwe futhi igcwele idatha, yengezwe inombolo enkulu yamashadi ahlakaniphile ukusiza amabhizinisi embonini ukubamba ngokunembile ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni. ukuthambekela, ithemba lemakethe, kanye nokwenza kahle isu lokuncintisana kwebhizinisi kanye nesu lokutshala izimali.Ngokusekelwe kudatha egunyaziwe ekhishwe i-National Bureau of Statistics, i-General Administration of Customs, i-State Information Centre kanye nezinye iziteshi, kanye nocwaningo lwemboni lwesikhungo sethu, lo mbiko wenza ucwaningo lwemakethe kanye nokuhlaziya ngezindlela eziningi. kusuka kuthiyori ukuya ekusebenzeni futhi ukusuka ku-macro kuya ku-micro, kuhlanganiswe nemvelo yemboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-02-2022